Method and means for weaving



April 1931- J. P. COSTELLO ET AL 1,302,907

METHOD AND MEANS FOR WEAVING Filed Sept. 2, 1927 Patented Apr. 28, 1931UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE JOSEPH P. COSTELLO AND FRANK OCONNELL, 0FPHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, AS

SIGNORS TO COLLINS & AIRMAN CORPORATION, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYL-VANIA, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE METHOD AND MEANS 'FOR WEAVINGApplication filed Septemher2, 1927. Serial No. 217,088.

Our invention relates to an improved method and means for weaving. Theobject is to provide a method and means for shedding a plurality of warpthreads '-at.points in the same vertical plane.

By such method the number of heddles required is greatly reduced, thusreducing the necessary lift of the warp threads and also obviatingfriction between the warp threads and reducing the strain thereon.

The invention is especially applicable to pile weaving, and isparticularly suitable for double piece plush weaving, but need notnecessarily be confined to such work.

In accordance with the present practice the pile warp and the slack orloose backing warp threads are shedded by means of separate heddlesoperating side by side. It frequently happens that, due to the frictionbetween the slack backing warp and the pile warp threads,

- soine'of the pile thread fibers become attached to and are carried bythe backing warp threads and thus show on the back of the finishedfabric, which is objectionable. It is desirable that none of the pilewarp material should show through the backing. By using two slackbacking threads a more perfect backing is secured, especially iffriction or rubbing between the pile warp threads and the slack backingwarp threads is prevented. We secure this object by using a singleheddle for the pile warp thread and the slack backing warp threads. Thatis, the heddles are provided with a loop or eye in the middle, and witha slot or elongated loop or eye of required extent and properly spacedtherefrom, or in the case of double piece plush weaving the elongatedeyes are placed on each side of the middle eye.

In some cases it may even be desirable to provide middle eyes andloopeyes in parallel,

.in 'a single heddle.

Or again in weaving satin back, in accord ance with the presentpractice, it requiresfour backingends to make double cloth, and foursets of heddle frames. By providing twoeyes in each heddle, one for thetight backing warp, for the top piece and one for the top backingend ofthe bottom piece, we do away with two shown in Fig. 1, with the warpthreads therein.

Fig. 5 is a view in longitudinal section showing the weft fillingthreads and the warp threads.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

Heddles are made of various materials,

usually of wire or fiat metal strips. In Fig. 1 is shown the heddle 6with the eyes 7 in about the middle part thereof, as is usual. In ad- Idition to this however, in accordance with the present invention,elongated eyes or slots 8 and 9 are provided, one above and the otherbelow the middle eye 7. This heddle is adapted for double piece plushweaving.

The eye 7 carries the pile warp thread 10, while the elongated eyes 8and 9 carry the upper and lower slack backing warp threads 11 and 12,respectively. Each eye 8 and 9 may carry one or a plurality of suchthreads. In

the present example two such threads are" shown for each eye.

/ It will be understood that the positions and extent of the slots orelongated eyes 8 and 9 are such as to give the required relativeshedding movement of the loose backing warp threads 11 and 12 withrespect to the pile warp thread 10, in other words the eyes 8- and 9 arelong enough to provide the shed required by the shuttle, and also topermit the required lost motion in operating the heddle in oppositedirections.

It will thus be seen that a single heddle will perform the sheddingoperation of a pile warp thread and one or more upper and lower loosebacking warp threads.

' In Fig. 5 is indicated more or less diagramamount of rubbing thethreads together re; p

matically the relative positions of the weft or filler threads 13, thepile warp thread 10, the tight'backing warp threads 14 and the loosebacking-warp threads 11 and 12.

. In accordance with the present practice each warp thread requires aseparate heddle for the shedding operation. This requires a large numberof heddles operating in close proximity. This is especially the casewhere two or more loose backing warp threads are 'provided. This resultsin crowding the heddles into close proximity and a certain sults.

" By using a'single heddle for the pile warp thread and the loosebacking warp thread or threads, and especiall loose backing warpthreads, the number of heddles is greatly reduced. This allows more roomfor the yarn. The yarn is not crowded. Less lift of the warp thread isrequired and thus the strain on the yarn is greatly reduced,

and the speed of the loom can be greatlyincreased.

In Fig. 2, a pair of heddles are shown.

Heddle 6* is provided with the eyes 7 and .8 for the warp threads of thetight-backing top piece, and heddle 6* is provided with the eyes 7 and 9for the tight backing end of the bottom piece, for weaving satin back.

, In Fig. 3, I show a heddle in which the middle eyes 7 and loop eyes 8and 9 are placed in parallel. 7

What we claim is A heddle having a plurality of pairs of elongated warthread slots at the ends thereof, the slots 0 the respective pairs beingin ali ent and a warp thread eye disposed adjacent to the middle of saidheddle.

, 4 JOSEPH P. COSTELLO.

- FRANK OCONNELL.

the upper and lower .CERTIFIGATE 0F CORRECTION.

Patent No. 1,so2,9c7. Granted April 28, 1931, m

JOSEPH P. GOSTELLQET AL. 2 It is hereby certified that error appears inthe above numbered patent requiring correction follows: in the drawing,cancel "Fig. 1 and Fig. 2; the Figures now appearing in the drawing as"3, 4 and 5" should bear the numbers 1, 2 and 3; page 1, lines I and 2,strike out the words "method and" and line 3, strike out the words"method and"; same page, lines 35 to 37, strike out "with a slot orelongated loop or eye of required extent and properly spaced therefrom,or"; line 40, beginning with the word "in" strike out all to andincluding the word "heddle" in line 42; line 56, beginning with "Fig. l"strike-out all to and including the'word "eyes" in line 59; line 60. for"Fig. 3" read Fig. l; and for the word "modification" read heddleillustrating our invention; line 62, for "Fig. 4" read Fig. 2, and line63, strike out "shown in Fig. i";' line 65, for "Fig. 5" read Fig. 3;line 76, after "provided"= strike out "one" and after "and"secondoccurrence 'strike out "the other"; line 100, for "Fig. 5" readFig. 3; page-2, line 25, beginning with "In Fig. 2" strike out all toand including the word "hack" in line 30; and line 31, strike out "inFig. 3, I show a heddle in which" and insert In the heddle shown; andthat the said Letters Patent shonld'be read with these correctiontherein that the same may conform to the record of the case in thePatent Office.

Signed and sealed this llth day of August, A. D. 1931.

I Wm. A. Kinnan, Acting Commissioner of-Patents..

